Cut to the Chase: Everything You Need to Know Before Buying a Chainsaw
A chainsaw is a portable mechanical saw powered by electricity or gas that is used to cut through wood and sometimes other materials like concrete or metal. Chainsaws have become an indispensable tool for tasks like tree felling, limbing, bucking, pruning, and carpentry. When purchasing a chainsaw, it is important to consider the intended uses, power, bar length, safety features, brand reputation, and maintenance requirements. Taking the time to select the right chainsaw for your needs will ensure optimal performance and safety. This guide will walk through the key factors to weigh when buying a chainsaw best suited for the job. With so many models available, it can be daunting to choose one. But understanding the types of chainsaws, features, and accessories can make the process straightforward. The goal is to match the saw specifications to the cutting tasks required while staying within budget. Investing in a quality chainsaw from a leading brand along with proper protective gear is well worth it for years of reliable service.
Types of Chainsaws
There are several types of chainsaws to choose from, each with their own pros and cons.
Gas Chainsaws
Gas chainsaws are powered by an internal combustion engine that runs on a gasoline/oil mix. They are the most powerful type of chainsaw and ideal for frequent use or heavy-duty cutting jobs.
Pros:
Most powerful cutting performance
Can handle larger logs and hardwoods
Longer runtime between refueling
Cons:
Require fuel and maintenance like spark plugs
Heavier than electric models
Louder operation
Electric Chainsaws
Electric chainsaws run on household power by plugging into an outlet. They are easier to maintain than gas models but limited by the length of their power cord.
Pros:
Lower maintenance without engine upkeep
Lighter weight and quieter operation
More environmentally friendly
Cons:
Limited by power cord length
Less power than gas chainsaws
Not suitable for large cutting tasks
Battery Powered Chainsaws
Battery powered chainsaws run on rechargeable lithium-ion battery packs. They offer the convenience of an electric model without the cord.
Pros:
Portable operation without a cord
Quieter and less maintenance
Eco-friendly alternative to gas
Cons:
Limited runtime per charge
Less power than gas models
Higher initial cost for extra batteries
Pole Saw Chainsaws
Pole saws feature an extended pole to reach high branches while keeping your feet on the ground. The chainsaw is on the end of the telescoping pole.
Pros:
Allows pruning high branches safely
Reduces need for a ladder
Easier on the back compared to overhead sawing
Cons:
Less powerful than standard chainsaws
Bulkier storage due to long pole
So in summary, gas chainsaws offer the most cutting power while electric and battery models provide more convenience and portability. Consider your specific cutting needs when deciding on a type. Pole saws serve a unique pruning niche.
Power and Bar Length
When selecting a chainsaw, one of the most important factors to consider is the engine's power and the length of the guide bar. These two attributes determine what kinds of cutting tasks the saw is suited for.
Engine Power
Chainsaw engines are rated in cc's (cubic centimeters) which indicates the displacement or size of the motor. More cc's means more power. Light duty chainsaws range from 30cc to 45cc, medium duty saws from 45cc to 55cc, and heavy duty models from 55cc to 90cc.
If you'll just be doing occasional limb trimming or cutting smaller logs, a lower-powered saw around 30cc-40cc should suffice. For frequent storm cleanup or cutting firewood, look for a mid-sized 45cc-55cc chainsaw. Professional tree cutting requires a high-performance 60cc+ chainsaw.
Bar Length
The bar length, measuring from the tip to the engine mount, ranges from 10" to over 30". A longer bar can cut wider diameters, but requires more power. Here are typical bar lengths for different tasks:
16"-18" bar for light trimming and firewood
18"-24" bar for most residential tasks
24"-36" bar for felling large trees
Match the correct bar length to the intended use. Using one that's too long can overload a smaller engine. It's better to opt for a shorter bar that maximizes cutting efficiency. Consider getting a saw with an interchangeable bar to handle different jobs.
When looking at chainsaw specifications, make sure the engine has enough power for the bar length. It should meet the manufacturer's recommended minimum. This ensures optimal performance and prevents overworking the motor.
Safety Features
A chainsaw can be dangerous if not used properly. For this reason, it is important to look for key safety features when purchasing one. These help protect the user and prevent accidents.
Chain brake - This is a device which stops the chain from moving if the chainsaw kicks back. It is activated by the user's hand or by inertia if the saw jerks forcefully. All new models are required to have a chain brake.
Kickback protection - This refers to design features that reduce the chance of kickback happening. Kickback is when the bar and chain suddenly jump up and back towards the user. Some things that help prevent this include reduced kickback bars, low kickback chains, and a tip guard on the end of the bar.
Front hand guard - This is a guard that sits between the front handle and the saw chain. It protects the user's hand if the chain derails or breaks.
Chain catcher - Found on rear of saw, this catches the chain if it breaks or derails off the bar.
Anti-vibration system - This reduces vibration, making the saw easier and less tiring to use. It also lessens vibration-related injuries.
Throttle trigger lockout - This makes the user depress a separate lever before being able to squeeze the throttle trigger. It prevents accidentalthrottle activation.
Additional features like auto-shutoff, inertia activated chain brake, right hand guard, reduced kickback guide bar, low kickback saw chain, and safety tip guard also improve safety.
When looking at different chainsaw models, be sure to inspect what safety mechanisms are in place. Prioritize your safety - don't compromise on the key features listed here. Using a saw equipped with these can mean the difference between a safe experience and a dangerous accident.
Brands
When purchasing a chainsaw, you'll want to stick with reputable brands that are known for making high-quality equipment. Here's an overview of some of the top chainsaw brands and models to consider for homeowner and professional use:
Stihl
Stihl is one of the most popular and trusted brands among professional loggers and arborists. Their pro-grade saws are powerful, durable, and designed for rugged daily use. Top Stihl models include:
MS 271 Farm Boss - A great landowner saw for occasional storm cleanup or firewood cutting.
MS 291 - A midsize saw good for routine property maintenance.
MS 362 - A powerful professional-grade saw ideal for felling trees.
Husqvarna
Husqvarna is another leading brand used by professionals and homeowners. Known for high performance and usability. Good Husqvarna models are:
440e - An excellent homeowner saw for basic tasks.
460 Rancher - A sturdy, midsize saw for frequent cutting.
395XP - A commercial-grade saw with robust power.
Echo
Echo chainsaws provide professional quality at affordable prices. They're a great value for homeowners doing occasional tree work. Quality Echo models include:
CS-490 - A heavy-duty saw for large cutting tasks.
CS-600P - A professional-grade saw with high power-to-weight ratio.
When choosing a chainsaw, always consider the intended usage, power requirements, and features needed. Test different brands and models to find the right saw for your needs and budget. Consult experienced chainsaw users for personalized recommendations. Proper protective gear should be worn when operating any chainsaw.
Maintenance
Proper maintenance of your chainsaw is critical for performance and safety. Here are some key maintenance tips:
Sharpen the chain regularly - A sharp chain will cut smoothly and efficiently. Look for signs of dullness like having to force the saw, uneven cutting, or sawdust instead of chips. Use a file and guide to sharpen each tooth to the same angle and length.
Check chain tension - The chain should have just a little up and down play. Tension it to manufacturer specs. An overtight chain strains the bar and engine.
Clean the air filter - A dirty filter restricts air intake and engine power. Gently tap it or use low pressure air to remove debris. Replace the filter if it's excessively dirty.
Use proper fuel/oil mix - Mix gasoline and 2-stroke engine oil at the ratio specified for your saw. This provides vital lubrication. Don't use straight gas.
Inspect and replace spark plug - The spark plug should be cleaned and gap checked periodically. Replace it after 100 hours of use.
Clean the saw - Use a small brush to remove sawdust buildup from the engine, chain cover, and guide bar. This improves cooling and prevents clogs.
Check for fuel leaks - Examine fuel lines and the fuel tank for cracks or leaks. Replace parts as needed to prevent dangerous leaks.
Inspect clutch and sprocket - The clutch and drive sprocket should spin freely without wobbling. Replace worn parts.
Regular maintenance will extend the life of your chainsaw, prevent breakdowns, and make cutting safer and more efficient. Always refer to your owner's manual for specific maintenance procedures.
Cutting Technique
Proper cutting technique is vital for safe and efficient use of a chainsaw. Here are some key tips:
Always hold the chainsaw with both hands. Use your dominant hand on the rear handle that controls the throttle trigger. Your other hand should grip the front handle bar firmly to help control and guide the blade.
Keep your hands wrapped around the handles. Don't let go while cutting. Keep a solid stance with legs shoulder-width apart and knees slightly bent.
Let the saw do the work. Apply light pressure and allow the sharp chain teeth to cut through the wood. Don't force the blade or apply excessive pressure.
Be mindful of kickback, which is when the blade jerks or bounces back toward you. This often happens when the tip of the blade contacts wood or gets pinched. Avoid letting the tip make contact.
Cut at high revs. This helps the chain teeth cut efficiently through wood. Don't cut at low revs as this can bind the blade.
Use the saw to cut on the push stroke. Let the top of the bar do the cutting rather than the bottom. Pulling can lead to kickback.
Pay attention to the weather and your surroundings. Wind, rain, nearby power lines or other objects can create hazards.
Take breaks to avoid fatigue which can lead to accidents. Chainsaw work requires full focus.
Proper stance, grip, and cutting technique will lead to safer, more effective use of your chainsaw. Always refer to the user manual for model-specific tips. With practice, cutting will become second nature.
Protective Gear
When operating a chainsaw, it is extremely important to wear proper protective gear to prevent injuries. Chainsaws are powerful tools that can quickly cause harm if safety precautions are not taken. At a minimum, you should wear the following protective clothing and accessories when using a chainsaw:
Chainsaw Chaps
Chaps are a must-have for chainsaw safety. These are pants made of cut-resistant fibers that protect your legs and thighs. Chainsaw chaps will stop the blade instantly if it accidentally touches your leg, preventing severe lacerations. Look for chaps that say they meet ASTMF1897 standards.
Boots
Sturdy, non-slip boots with steel toes should be worn when using a chainsaw. Boots protect your feet from falling branches, keep your footing secure on slippery surfaces, and guard against blade contact. Boots with a reinforced toe will prevent injury if the saw accidentally nicks your foot.
Helmet and Ear Protection
A hard hat protects your head from falling debris. Mesh visors are recommended to prevent sawdust and wood chips from obscuring vision. Ear plugs or protective muffs will prevent hearing loss from long-term chainsaw noise. Look for a helmet and hearing protection labeled for use with power tools.
Gloves
Heavy-duty gloves improve your grip on the chainsaw, protect your hands from vibrations, and guard against scratches. Look for gloves made of cut-resistant materials like Kevlar or leather, with padding to absorb vibrations. Avoid loose fitting gloves that could get caught in moving parts.
Eye Protection
Safety glasses or a face shield will prevent sawdust, dirt, and wood chips from damaging your eyes as you cut. Look for impact resistant eye protection that wraps around the sides or opt for a full face shield.
Wearing proper chainsaw protective gear from head to toe will greatly reduce your risk of injury. Don't operate a chainsaw without the recommended helmets, boots, gloves, chaps, and eye and ear protection. Investing in high-quality safety clothing will allow you to use your chainsaw securely for many years.
Price Range
When it comes to buying a chainsaw, there is a wide range of prices depending on the type of saw you need. For the average homeowner doing small jobs like tree trimming and firewood cutting, an economical homeowner model in the $150-$300 range should suffice. These budget-friendly saws from reputable brands like Poulan, Remington, and Black & Decker offer lighter weight designs and smaller engines, usually around 30-45cc. They are meant for occasional use, not sustained heavy-duty work.
For professionals and serious hobbyists who need to fell trees, mill lumber, or handle frequent cutting jobs, invest in a professional-grade model in the $300-$1000+ range. Pro models from brands like Stihl, Husqvarna, and Echo offer commercial-duty gas engines from 45-90cc for increased power and torque. They have durable metal construction and larger guide bars from 18"-36"+. While the upfront cost is higher, pro models will outperform consumer models and hold up to years of heavy use. Investing in a professional chainsaw built for logging, tree removal, and milling is worth the cost if you will use it frequently or depend on it for your livelihood.
When deciding on price range, first consider how you plan to use your chainsaw. Occasional light use calls for an economical homeowner model while frequent heavy-duty use requires a professional-grade saw. Match the saw's capabilities and price to your needs. With proper maintenance and safe operating technique, a quality chainsaw is a long-term investment that can provide many years of reliable service.
Conclusion
When purchasing a chainsaw, there are several key factors to consider in order to select the right model for your needs. First, determine the primary usage - whether it's for occasional homeowner tasks like pruning trees or more heavy-duty logging work. This will dictate the power and bar length you need. Also consider the safety features that are important to you, like chain brakes, anti-vibration handles, and automatic oilers.
Evaluate which reputable brands best fit your budget while still providing the quality and reliability you want in a power tool. Read reviews and talk to professionals to get recommendations. Remember that proper maintenance is crucial for performance and safety, so factor in the cost of replacement parts and tools needed to keep the chainsaw running properly. And don't forget essential protective gear like chainsaw chaps, helmets, and eyewear.
With the right amount of research and planning, you can find the ideal chainsaw that matches your cutting requirements. Paying attention to power, bar length, safety, brand reputation, maintenance needs, budget, and safety gear will ensure you select a quality model that will serve you well for years to come.